Several studies have taken place examining how urban waterborne public transport services are evolving especially in relation to consumer usage and cost sustainability (1). Many cities continue to operate aging fossil fuel waterborne vessels on primary marine commuting routes despite the modernization initiatives being undertaken to upgrade their land based public transport modes to introduce more environmentally friendly fuel systems and technological amenity features.
Many cities have been hesitant to make large-scale investments in eco-friendly, water-based transportation modes due to the lower relative economic return value when compared to ground-based transport volume returns. Cities that have pursued modernization have either been led by private sector entrepreneurship, or strong political leadership focused on making longer term transformative change in the use of urban waterways for transport.
Studies have shown that passengers prefer to travel more on the water when compared to equivalent bus journeys and this suggests either aesthetic or productivity benefits that accrue to water transit users (2). For individuals, affordability, accessibility, safety, reliability and habit are all important factors. Travel behaviors, particularly those of young people, are shifting. Initial data indicates that car use and ownership is less prevalent among young cohorts than it was in the past. This is mirrored by their greater openness to the “sharing” economy, which new technology will increasingly facilitate.
(1) Urban waterborne public transport systems: An overview of existing operations in world cities | 2018 Study conducted by KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences, Department of Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering Centre for Naval Architecture.
(2) UK Gov’t Office of Science, January 2019 The Future of Mobility: A time of unprecedented change in the transportation system.